After his return to England, Gould published The Birds of Australia, a seven-volume set describing over 600 species of birds with 84 lithographs. These vibrant color illustrations were produced by Gould’s wife Elizabeth before she died in 1841. After her death other artists were employed.
Gould’s most famous publication, The Birds of Great Britain, is a critically acclaimed work with over 300 colored lithographs in its complete set. Lithographs and sketches from this work are sought after worldwide. Many animal species are named after Gould, including the bird species Gould’s petrel (Pterodroma leucoptera) and the reptile Gould’s monitor (Varanus gouldii). Gould’s sunbird (Aethopyga gouldiae) is named after his wife.